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About Chernivtsi (Chernovtsy)
Chernivtsi oblast area - 8,100 sq. km
Chernivtsi oblast population - 921,000 (2004)
Chernivtsi oblast is situated in the southwest of the Ukraine in three nature geographical zones: forest-steppe, occupying the Prut-Dniester interfluve, foremountain zone, distributed between the Carpathians and the Prut River and a mountain zone, embracing the Bukovynian Carpathians.
In its present borders Chernivtsi oblast territory reaches 1.3% of the territory of the Ukraine. On the south and southwest Chernivtsi oblast borders with Romania and Moldova and on the west it borders with the Ivano-Frankivsk, on the north, with the Ternopil and Khmelnytsky and on the east with the Vynnytsia regions. Chernivtsi oblast has good railway and motor road communication both with foreign countries and neighboring regions.
403,000 people live in the towns and 518,000 in villages of Chernivtsi oblast. The population density is 117 people per 1 sq.km.
Chernivtsi oblast includes 11 administrative districts, 11 towns, 8 settlements, 398 villages. Chernivtsi oblast industry: food-processing, machine building, wood-working; major national producer of oil equipment. Agriculture: grains, sugar beets, potatoes, vegetables; cattle and poultry farming.
Chernivtsi is a city and administrative center of Chernivtsi oblast, Ukraine. Chernivtsi is situated on the upper Prut River in the Carpathian foothills. Chernivtsi is a railway and highway junction and has an airport. Chernivtsi population is about 265 000 (2002 est.).
Economy
Main economic activity of the city – machine building, food and light industries. In the industrial complex production structure bases on 75 big production enterprises, which work in 10 spheres.
Percentage of production in main sphere of economy:
- food industry – 20 enterprises (39,9% of total production volume)
- light industry – 13 enterprises (27.2% of total production volume)
- machine and equipment building – 4 enterprises (9.6% of total production volume)
- Production and distribution of electric energy – 1 enterprise (8.1% of total production volume)
- Other enterprises
66.7% of small enterprises’ total production volume in the Oblast is located in Chernivtsi and 22.3% in total production volume in the city.
All spheres of economic activities of the city employ 102.2 thousand people
There are three departments of labor and social protection of population in rayon councils in the city (Shevchenko, Pershotravneva, Sadgirska) and department of labor and social protection of population of city council.
The following organizations are working in the oblast center:
The communal city center of social and medical help for unable to work citizens “Turbota” (serves 1007 people, including 400 disabled people); 3 rayon subsidy services, social services center for youth; center for homeless people re-socialization; geriatric home; house for underage children; Bookovyna center of social, labor, professional and medical rehabilitation of disabled people. The last three establishments are maintained on the oblast budget.
29th session of the city council approved expenses in sum of 200 thousand UAH for reimbursement of expenses connected to providing privileges to certain groups of population in 2005 on the d account of target fund of social-economical development of the city.
The mentioned funds will be used for reimbursement of expenses connected to provided services to certain group of citizens: laundry, repairing of domestic equipment, reimbursement for burying corpses of lonely citizens, etc
History
According to archeological data, the town of Chernivtsi was founded in the second half of the 12 century. First documentary reference to Chernivtsi dates from 1408. Chernivtsi was a town in the Polish-Lithuanian kingdom and the chief center of the area known as the Bukovina.
In the middle of the 13 century Chernivtsi was conquered by Moldavian princedom. In the 30s of the 16 century, Chernivtsi passed first to the Turks, and in 1774 to Austria. Under the influence of revolutionary events in 1848 demonstrations of protest took place in Chernivtsi. In 1918 the Communist Party of Bukovina was founded and the same year it was conquered by Romania.
In 1940 Chernivtsi and northeren Bukovina became a part of the Ukraine. Since 1940 Chernivtsi is the center of the Chernivtsi oblast. Always a major focus of trade, Chernivtsi grew in the early 20th century as an industrial center. The modern Chernivtsi has woolen and cotton textile, light engineering, food-processing (especially meat and sugar), and timber working industries. There are over 60 enterprises in Chernivtsi which produce about 70 per cent of all the outcome in Chernivtsi oblast.
Culture
Chernivtsi is an important cultural center of Chernivtsi oblast. There is a University and Doctors' Training Institute in Chernivtsi as well as scientific research institutions - the Institute of social and economic problems of foreign countries and others.
Famous Ukrainian writer and essayist Ivan Franko graduated the local University in 1891. It is Chernivtsi where famous Soviet singers D.Gnatyuk and S.Rotaru started their careers.
Among architectural sights of Chernivtsi is a wooden Church of Nicholas (1607), Church of Ascension (17 century), Spiridonievskaya Church (1773), Church of Assumption (1783), Church of Christmas (1767).